Training course

Overview

Scaling Agile Across Enterprise Units is the study and practical application of principles, frameworks, governance models, organizational structures, and leadership practices required to extend Agile ways of working beyond individual teams into departments, business units, programs, portfolios, and enterprise-wide operations. The course examines the foundations of enterprise Agile transformation, organizational agility, Agile operating models, cross-functional collaboration, value streams, product-centric structures, Agile governance, leadership alignment, and enterprise-level delivery. Participants will develop the knowledge and practical skills required to coordinate multiple Agile teams while maintaining strategic alignment, transparency, accountability, customer focus, and sustainable delivery performance.

The primary purpose of scaling Agile is to enable organizations to coordinate multiple teams and enterprise units around shared customer outcomes while reducing organizational silos, dependencies, delays, and conflicting priorities. Scaling Agile requires more than introducing Scrum ceremonies across multiple teams; it involves redesigning structures, decision-making processes, funding models, governance mechanisms, planning approaches, communication channels, and performance measurement systems. The course explores established scaling approaches and frameworks including Scrum, Kanban, Large-Scale Scrum (LeSS), Nexus, Disciplined Agile, and the Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe), while emphasizing principles-based tailoring rather than rigid methodology adoption. Participants will learn how to select and adapt scaling practices according to organizational size, complexity, product structure, regulatory requirements, and business context.

In today's rapidly changing business environment, organizations increasingly operate across geographically distributed teams, multiple business units, shared technology platforms, complex product portfolios, external partners, and rapidly evolving customer demands. Enterprise Agile transformation therefore requires effective coordination between strategy and execution, product and technology functions, business and delivery teams, and executive leadership and frontline practitioners. This course addresses enterprise value streams, portfolio alignment, dependency management, cross-team planning, Agile release coordination, enterprise architecture, organizational change, funding and prioritization, metrics, risk management, governance, and continuous improvement. Participants will also explore how Agile practices can be scaled responsibly while preserving team autonomy, technical excellence, customer value, and organizational adaptability.

Scaling Agile Across Enterprise Units is therefore essential for executives, Agile transformation leaders, portfolio managers, program managers, project managers, Scrum Masters, Product Owners, Agile Coaches, PMO professionals, product managers, technology leaders, business analysts, organizational development professionals, and other professionals responsible for enterprise-wide Agile delivery. The course combines recognized Agile and scaling frameworks, practical enterprise tools, value-stream mapping, dependency management techniques, planning workshops, governance models, case studies, simulations, exercises, and real-world transformation scenarios. Participants progressively develop the ability to assess enterprise readiness, design scalable Agile operating models, establish cross-team coordination mechanisms, align portfolios with strategic objectives, manage enterprise dependencies, measure transformation outcomes, and lead sustainable Agile adoption across multiple organizational units.

Course Duration

10 Days (80 Hours)

Target Participants

This course is suitable for:

• Chief Executive Officers (CEOs)

• Chief Operating Officers (COOs)

• Chief Information Officers (CIOs)

• Chief Technology Officers (CTOs)

• Chief Digital Officers (CDOs)

• Directors and Senior Executives

• Enterprise Transformation Leaders

• Agile Transformation Leaders

• Portfolio Directors and Portfolio Managers

• Program Directors and Program Managers

• Project Directors and Project Managers

• PMO Directors and PMO Managers

• PMO Analysts and PMO Officers

• Product Directors and Product Managers

• Product Owners

• Scrum Masters

• Agile Coaches

• Release Train Engineers (RTEs)

• Business Analysts

• Enterprise Architects

• Technology and Engineering Managers

• Operations Managers

• Change Management Professionals

• Organizational Development Professionals

• Lean and Continuous Improvement Professionals

• Risk and Governance Professionals

• Management Consultants

• Business Owners and Entrepreneurs

• Professionals Responsible for Enterprise Agile Transformation, Product Delivery, Organizational Change, and Business Agility

Course Objectives

By the end of the training, participants will be able to:

• Understand the principles, benefits, challenges, and organizational implications of scaling Agile.

• Explain the differences between team-level Agile and enterprise-level Agile operating models.

• Assess organizational readiness for enterprise Agile transformation.

• Understand major Agile scaling frameworks and determine when they are appropriate.

• Apply Scrum, Kanban, Lean, and Agile principles across multiple teams and organizational units.

• Understand the Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe), Large-Scale Scrum (LeSS), Nexus, and Disciplined Agile approaches.

• Design an enterprise Agile transformation strategy aligned with organizational objectives.

• Identify and organize enterprise value streams and product-oriented delivery structures.

• Align strategy, portfolio priorities, products, programs, and Agile teams.

• Establish effective enterprise Agile governance, decision rights, accountability, and transparency.

• Design cross-functional teams and organizational structures that support value delivery.

• Manage dependencies, integration points, shared resources, and cross-team constraints.

• Facilitate multi-team planning, coordination, synchronization, and release management.

• Apply Program Increment (PI) Planning concepts and enterprise planning practices where appropriate.

• Integrate product management, portfolio management, architecture, engineering, and delivery.

• Apply Lean Portfolio Management principles to enterprise prioritization and investment decisions.

• Develop Agile funding, budgeting, prioritization, and capacity allocation approaches.

• Establish meaningful enterprise Agile metrics and performance dashboards.

• Measure flow, throughput, cycle time, predictability, quality, customer outcomes, and business value.

• Manage enterprise risks, impediments, compliance requirements, and governance obligations.

• Apply Agile leadership principles to organizational transformation and culture change.

• Develop strategies for managing resistance to enterprise Agile transformation.

• Support collaboration across business units, technology teams, vendors, and geographically distributed teams.

• Integrate DevOps, continuous delivery, automation, and technical excellence into enterprise Agile environments.

• Apply Agile architecture and technical governance principles at scale.

• Manage enterprise product backlogs, roadmaps, releases, and strategic priorities.

• Establish effective communities of practice, Agile centers of excellence, and organizational learning systems.

• Use practical tools for enterprise planning, dependency visualization, workflow management, and collaboration.

• Design an enterprise Agile operating model tailored to organizational size, complexity, and strategic needs.

• Develop a sustainable roadmap for scaling Agile across multiple enterprise units.

• Apply enterprise Agile scaling principles to complex real-world organizational transformation scenarios.

Course Content

Day 1: Foundations of Enterprise Agile and Organizational Agility

Module 1: Principles, Drivers, and Foundations of Scaling Agile Across the Enterprise

Topics

  1. Overview of Enterprise Agile, Business Agility, and Agile Scaling
  2. Evolution From Team-Level Agile to Enterprise-Wide Agile Operating Models
  3. Agile Manifesto Principles and Their Application at Organizational Scale
  4. Scrum, Kanban, Lean, and Flow Principles for Multi-Team Environments
  5. Drivers, Benefits, Risks, and Challenges of Enterprise Agile Transformation
  6. Organizational Complexity, Dependencies, Silos, and Systemic Constraints
  7. Agile Mindset, Leadership Behaviors, Culture, and Organizational Readiness
  8. Assessing Enterprise Agile Maturity, Capability, and Transformation Readiness
  9. Practical Exercise: Conducting an Enterprise Agile Readiness and Maturity Assessment
  10. Case Study: Diagnosing the Organizational Barriers Preventing Agile Scaling Across Multiple Business Units

Day 2: Agile Scaling Frameworks and Enterprise Operating Models

Module 1: Scaling Frameworks, Principles, and Tailored Enterprise Delivery Models

Topics

  1. Overview of Agile Scaling Frameworks and Principles-Based Framework Selection
  2. Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe) Principles, Structure, and Key Components
  3. Large-Scale Scrum (LeSS) Principles, Organizational Design, and Scaling Practices
  4. Nexus Framework and Multi-Team Scrum Integration
  5. Disciplined Agile Principles, Ways of Working, and Context-Based Choice
  6. Scrum of Scrums, Scrum@Scale Concepts, and Cross-Team Coordination
  7. Kanban at Scale, Flow-Based Management, and Enterprise Workflow Visualization
  8. Comparing Agile Scaling Frameworks and Selecting the Appropriate Approach
  9. Practical Exercise: Evaluating Multiple Scaling Frameworks Against an Enterprise Transformation Scenario
  10. Case Study: Selecting and Tailoring an Agile Scaling Model for a Large Organization With Multiple Products, Business Units, and Technology Teams

Day 3: Enterprise Value Streams, Product Structures, and Team Design

Module 1: Organizing Enterprise Delivery Around Customers, Products, and Value Streams

Topics

  1. Enterprise Value Streams and Their Role in Business Agility
  2. Value Stream Mapping, Customer Journeys, and End-to-End Flow Analysis
  3. Identifying Products, Services, Platforms, Customers, and Strategic Value Areas
  4. Designing Product-Centric and Value-Oriented Organizational Structures
  5. Cross-Functional Agile Teams, Team Topologies, and Team Interaction Patterns
  6. Team Boundaries, Responsibilities, Autonomy, and Organizational Dependencies
  7. Shared Services, Platform Teams, Enabling Teams, and Specialist Capabilities
  8. Managing Organizational Silos, Handoffs, Queues, and Cross-Unit Constraints
  9. Practical Exercise: Mapping an Enterprise Value Stream and Designing a Scalable Team Structure
  10. Case Study: Redesigning a Functionally Structured Organization Into a Customer-Centered Value Stream Model

Day 4: Enterprise Planning, Portfolio Alignment, and Prioritization

Module 1: Strategic Alignment, Enterprise Planning, and Lean Portfolio Management

Topics

  1. Connecting Enterprise Strategy With Agile Execution and Product Delivery
  2. Strategic Themes, Objectives, Outcomes, and Portfolio Priorities
  3. Lean Portfolio Management Principles and Enterprise Investment Decisions
  4. Portfolio Backlogs, Epics, Features, Capabilities, and Product Backlogs
  5. Prioritization Techniques, Economic Decision-Making, and Cost of Delay
  6. Agile Budgeting, Funding Models, Capacity Allocation, and Investment Governance
  7. Product Roadmaps, Release Planning, Program Planning, and Strategic Forecasting
  8. Balancing Customer Value, Risk, Compliance, Technical Debt, and Innovation
  9. Practical Exercise: Developing an Enterprise Agile Portfolio Prioritization and Funding Model
  10. Case Study: Aligning Multiple Business Units Around a Shared Enterprise Portfolio With Limited Investment Capacity

Day 5: Multi-Team Planning, Program Coordination, and Release Management

Module 1: Cross-Team Planning, Synchronization, Integration, and Enterprise Release Delivery

Topics

  1. Principles of Multi-Team Planning and Agile Synchronization
  2. Program Increment (PI) Planning Concepts and Enterprise Planning Events
  3. Product Backlog Alignment, Refinement, and Cross-Team Prioritization
  4. Dependency Identification, Mapping, Visualization, and Resolution
  5. Scrum of Scrums, Coordination Forums, and Cross-Team Synchronization
  6. Integrated Release Planning, Milestones, Deployment Readiness, and Go-Live Coordination
  7. Managing Shared Components, Integration Points, Architecture Dependencies, and Technical Constraints
  8. Distributed Teams, Remote Collaboration, Time Zones, and Enterprise Communication
  9. Practical Exercise: Facilitating a Multi-Team Planning and Dependency Management Workshop
  10. Case Study: Coordinating a Major Enterprise Release Involving Multiple Agile Teams, Business Units, Shared Platforms, and External Delivery Partners

Day 6: Enterprise Product Management, Architecture, and Technical Excellence

Module 1: Product Strategy, Architecture Governance, DevOps, and Sustainable Technical Delivery

Topics

  1. Enterprise Product Management and Customer-Centered Product Strategy
  2. Product Vision, Product Strategy, Roadmaps, and Outcome-Based Planning
  3. Managing Enterprise Product Backlogs and Strategic Prioritization
  4. Enterprise Architecture, Intentional Architecture, and Architectural Runway Concepts
  5. Technical Governance, Engineering Standards, and Sustainable Technology Decisions
  6. DevOps Principles, Continuous Integration, Continuous Delivery, and Deployment Automation
  7. Technical Debt, Quality Engineering, Security, Reliability, and Maintainability at Scale
  8. Integrating Product, Architecture, Engineering, Operations, and Business Stakeholders
  9. Practical Exercise: Developing an Enterprise Product and Technical Delivery Roadmap
  10. Case Study: Scaling Agile Product Development While Managing Legacy Technology, Technical Debt, Security Requirements, and Continuous Delivery Expectations

Day 7: Enterprise Governance, Risk, Compliance, and Performance Management

Module 1: Agile Governance, Risk Management, Compliance, and Enterprise Performance

Topics

  1. Designing Agile Governance Models Without Creating Excessive Bureaucracy
  2. Decision Rights, Accountability, Escalation Paths, and Management Controls
  3. Enterprise Risk Management in Scaled Agile Environments
  4. Compliance, Regulatory Requirements, Auditability, and Agile Documentation
  5. Quality Governance, Definition of Done, Acceptance Standards, and Quality Assurance
  6. Enterprise Metrics, Key Performance Indicators, Objectives and Key Results (OKRs), and Outcome Measurement
  7. Flow Metrics, Throughput, Cycle Time, Work in Progress, and Predictability
  8. Executive Dashboards, Portfolio Reporting, Business Value Measurement, and Evidence-Based Decisions
  9. Practical Exercise: Designing an Enterprise Agile Governance and Performance Measurement Framework
  10. Case Study: Balancing Agile Autonomy With Regulatory Compliance, Enterprise Risk Controls, and Executive Governance Requirements

Day 8: Agile Leadership, Culture, Change, and Organizational Transformation

Module 1: Enterprise Agile Leadership, Change Management, and Cultural Transformation

Topics

  1. Leadership Principles for Enterprise Agile Transformation
  2. Servant Leadership, Systems Leadership, and Empowerment at Organizational Scale
  3. Executive Sponsorship, Transformation Coalitions, and Leadership Alignment
  4. Organizational Culture, Psychological Safety, Trust, and Continuous Learning
  5. Managing Resistance, Transformation Fatigue, and Conflicting Organizational Priorities
  6. Change Management Strategies for Enterprise Agile Adoption
  7. Agile Centers of Excellence, Communities of Practice, Coaching, and Capability Development
  8. Sustaining Behavioral Change and Embedding Agile Ways of Working Into Organizational Systems
  9. Practical Simulation: Leading an Enterprise Agile Transformation With Conflicting Leadership Expectations and Organizational Resistance
  10. Case Study: Recovering an Enterprise Agile Transformation That Has Created New Processes but Failed to Produce Meaningful Business Agility

Day 9: Advanced Enterprise Flow, Metrics, Optimization, and Continuous Improvement

Module 1: Enterprise Flow Management, Advanced Analytics, and System-Level Optimization

Topics

  1. Enterprise Flow Principles and End-to-End Delivery Optimization
  2. Identifying Systemic Bottlenecks, Constraints, Queues, and Dependency Risks
  3. Measuring Enterprise Flow Efficiency, Throughput, Cycle Time, and Work Item Aging
  4. Forecasting, Capacity Planning, and Demand Management Across Multiple Agile Units
  5. Advanced Agile Metrics, Predictability, Business Outcomes, and Value Realization
  6. Using Data Analytics, Automation, Artificial Intelligence, and Digital Dashboards for Enterprise Agility
  7. Continuous Improvement, Inspect-and-Adapt Practices, Retrospectives, and System-Level Learning
  8. Identifying Local Optimization, Metric Gaming, and Unintended Organizational Behaviors
  9. Practical Exercise: Analyzing Enterprise Delivery Data and Developing a System-Level Improvement Strategy
  10. Case Study: Improving Enterprise Delivery Performance After Discovering Excessive WIP, Long Cycle Times, Cross-Team Dependencies, and Poor Forecast Reliability

Day 10: Enterprise Agile Transformation Strategy and Integrated Application

Module 1: Advanced Scaling Strategy, Sustainable Business Agility, and Enterprise Application

Topics

  1. Designing an Enterprise Agile Transformation Strategy and Implementation Roadmap
  2. Establishing Transformation Vision, Strategic Outcomes, Success Measures, and Executive Sponsorship
  3. Designing a Sustainable Enterprise Agile Operating Model Across Multiple Business Units
  4. Integrating Portfolio Management, Product Management, Program Delivery, Architecture, and Agile Teams
  5. Scaling Agile Across Geographically Distributed, Multicultural, Hybrid, and Complex Organizations
  6. Managing Enterprise-Level Change, Risk, Dependencies, Funding, Governance, and Organizational Capability
  7. Building Long-Term Business Agility Through Lean Thinking, Flow Optimization, Innovation, and Continuous Learning
  8. Emerging Trends in Enterprise Agile, Digital Transformation, Artificial Intelligence, Automation, and the Future of Work
  9. Integrated Case Study: Designing and Presenting a Complete Enterprise Agile Scaling Strategy for a Complex Organization With Multiple Business Units, Products, Technology Platforms, Regulatory Requirements, Shared Services, and Cross-Team Dependencies
  10. Final Assessment, Course Review, Personal Action Plan, and Workplace Implementation Strategy

 

Course Schedules:

Dates Fees Location Apply
16/11/2026 - 27/11/2026 $10000 Singapore, Singapore Physical Class Online Class
16/11/2026 - 27/11/2026 $4000 Mombasa, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
16/11/2026 - 27/11/2026 $8000 Johannesburg, South Africa Physical Class Online Class
23/11/2026 - 04/12/2026 $5000 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Physical Class Online Class
23/11/2026 - 04/12/2026 $3000 Nairobi, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
30/11/2026 - 11/12/2026 $4000 Mombasa, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
30/11/2026 - 11/12/2026 $8000 Johannesburg, South Africa Physical Class Online Class
30/11/2026 - 11/12/2026 $9000 Pretoria, South Africa Physical Class Online Class
07/12/2026 - 18/12/2026 $3000 Nairobi, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
07/12/2026 - 18/12/2026 $10000 Dubai, UAE Physical Class Online Class
14/12/2026 - 25/12/2026 $12000 Mauritius Physical Class Online Class
14/12/2026 - 25/12/2026 $5000 Kigali, Rwanda Physical Class Online Class
14/12/2026 - 25/12/2026 $10000 Singapore, Singapore Physical Class Online Class
21/12/2026 - 01/01/2027 $3000 Nairobi, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
04/01/2027 - 15/01/2027 $3000 Nairobi, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
11/01/2027 - 22/01/2027 $10000 Singapore, Singapore Physical Class Online Class
11/01/2027 - 22/01/2027 $8000 Johannesburg, South Africa Physical Class Online Class
18/01/2027 - 29/01/2027 $3000 Nairobi, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
18/01/2027 - 29/01/2027 $5000 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Physical Class Online Class
25/01/2027 - 05/02/2027 $12000 Mauritius Physical Class Online Class
01/02/2027 - 12/02/2027 $10000 Dubai, UAE Physical Class Online Class
01/02/2027 - 12/02/2027 $3000 Nairobi, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
08/02/2027 - 19/02/2027 $9000 Pretoria, South Africa Physical Class Online Class
08/02/2027 - 19/02/2027 $5000 Kigali, Rwanda Physical Class Online Class
08/02/2027 - 19/02/2027 $4000 Mombasa, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
15/02/2027 - 26/02/2027 $3000 Nairobi, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
22/02/2027 - 05/03/2027 $4000 Mombasa, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
22/02/2027 - 05/03/2027 $8000 Johannesburg, South Africa Physical Class Online Class
22/02/2027 - 05/03/2027 $9000 Pretoria, South Africa Physical Class Online Class
01/03/2027 - 12/03/2027 $3000 Nairobi, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
08/03/2027 - 19/03/2027 $12000 Mauritius Physical Class Online Class
15/03/2027 - 26/03/2027 $5000 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Physical Class Online Class
15/03/2027 - 26/03/2027 $3000 Nairobi, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
22/03/2027 - 02/04/2027 $5000 Kigali, Rwanda Physical Class Online Class
22/03/2027 - 02/04/2027 $10000 Singapore, Singapore Physical Class Online Class
29/03/2027 - 09/04/2027 $3000 Nairobi, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
29/03/2027 - 09/04/2027 $10000 Dubai, UAE Physical Class Online Class
12/04/2027 - 23/04/2027 $3000 Nairobi, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
19/04/2027 - 30/04/2027 $10000 Singapore, Singapore Physical Class Online Class
26/04/2027 - 07/05/2027 $3000 Nairobi, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
03/05/2027 - 14/05/2027 $4000 Mombasa, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
03/05/2027 - 14/05/2027 $8000 Johannesburg, South Africa Physical Class Online Class
03/05/2027 - 14/05/2027 $5000 Kigali, Rwanda Physical Class Online Class
10/05/2027 - 21/05/2027 $10000 Dubai, UAE Physical Class Online Class
10/05/2027 - 21/05/2027 $3000 Nairobi, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
10/05/2027 - 21/05/2027 $5000 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Physical Class Online Class
17/05/2027 - 28/05/2027 $9000 Pretoria, South Africa Physical Class Online Class
17/05/2027 - 28/05/2027 $12000 Mauritius Physical Class Online Class
24/05/2027 - 04/06/2027 $10000 Dubai, UAE Physical Class Online Class
24/05/2027 - 04/06/2027 $3000 Nairobi, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
31/05/2027 - 11/06/2027 $8000 Johannesburg, South Africa Physical Class Online Class
31/05/2027 - 11/06/2027 $12000 Mauritius Physical Class Online Class
07/06/2027 - 18/06/2027 $3000 Nairobi, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
21/06/2027 - 02/07/2027 $3000 Nairobi, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
21/06/2027 - 02/07/2027 $5000 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Physical Class Online Class
28/06/2027 - 09/07/2027 $5000 Kigali, Rwanda Physical Class Online Class
28/06/2027 - 09/07/2027 $10000 Singapore, Singapore Physical Class Online Class
28/06/2027 - 09/07/2027 $4000 Mombasa, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
28/06/2027 - 09/07/2027 $9000 Pretoria, South Africa Physical Class Online Class
05/07/2027 - 16/07/2027 $5000 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Physical Class Online Class
05/07/2027 - 16/07/2027 $3000 Nairobi, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
12/07/2027 - 23/07/2027 $12000 Mauritius Physical Class Online Class
12/07/2027 - 23/07/2027 $9000 Pretoria, South Africa Physical Class Online Class
19/07/2027 - 30/07/2027 $3000 Nairobi, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
26/07/2027 - 06/08/2027 $10000 Singapore, Singapore Physical Class Online Class
02/08/2027 - 13/08/2027 $3000 Nairobi, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
02/08/2027 - 13/08/2027 $10000 Dubai, UAE Physical Class Online Class
09/08/2027 - 20/08/2027 $5000 Kigali, Rwanda Physical Class Online Class
09/08/2027 - 20/08/2027 $4000 Mombasa, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
09/08/2027 - 20/08/2027 $8000 Johannesburg, South Africa Physical Class Online Class
16/08/2027 - 27/08/2027 $5000 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Physical Class Online Class
16/08/2027 - 27/08/2027 $3000 Nairobi, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
23/08/2027 - 03/09/2027 $12000 Mauritius Physical Class Online Class
23/08/2027 - 03/09/2027 $10000 Singapore, Singapore Physical Class Online Class
30/08/2027 - 10/09/2027 $3000 Nairobi, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
06/09/2027 - 17/09/2027 $9000 Pretoria, South Africa Physical Class Online Class
06/09/2027 - 17/09/2027 $5000 Kigali, Rwanda Physical Class Online Class
13/09/2027 - 24/09/2027 $10000 Dubai, UAE Physical Class Online Class
13/09/2027 - 24/09/2027 $3000 Nairobi, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
20/09/2027 - 01/10/2027 $4000 Mombasa, Kenya Physical Class Online Class
20/09/2027 - 01/10/2027 $8000 Johannesburg, South Africa Physical Class Online Class